- Gowrish B
- Darshak Bhatt
- Tharun Kumar Reddy Bollu
- Anand Bulusu
- Ashish Kumar Chowdhary
- Bishnu Prasad Das
- Avirup Dasgupta
- Sudeb Dasgupta
- Arnab Datta
- Utpal Dey
- Devesh Dwivedi
- Debashis Ghosh
- Anshul Jaiswal
- MV Kartikeyan
- Priyansha Kaurav
- Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
- Saurabh Khanna
- Brijesh Kumar
- Dheeraj Kumar
- Saravana Kumar M
- Sanjeev Manhas
- Sparsh Mittal
- Akhilesh Mohan
- Rajib Kumar Panigrahi
- Vinod Pankajakshan
- Nagendra P. Pathak
- Amalendu Patnaik
- Vishvendra Singh Poonia
- Pyari Mohan Pradhan
- Tanmoy Pramanik
- Karun Rawat
- Meenakshi Rawat
- Sourajeet Roy
- Abhay Kumar Sah
- Biplab Sarkar
- Ekant Sharma
- Dharmendra Singh
- Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Anshul Tyagi
Applying linear algebra, optimization theories, and signal processing to Beyond 5G(B5G)/6G communications, focusing on energy efficiency, hardware impairments, and multiantenna systems. Current research interests include:
- Beyond 5G/6G communication
- Cooperative communications: two-way half- and full-duplex relaying channels
- Practical massive MIMO
- Collocated and distributed (cell-free) massive MIMO
- Reconfigurable Intelligent reflecting surfaces (RIS)
- Non-orthogonal multiple access
- Full-duplex communication
- Multi-cell and multi-hop communication
- Unmanned aerial vehicles (also known as drones) communication
- Resource allocation and energy efficiency in wireless networks
- Practical 5G/6G System
- AI/ML approaches for beyond 5G/6G communication
- Green communication systems and networks.
| From | To | Designation | Organisation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 05-07-2011 | 09-07-2012 | Associate Software Engineer | IBM |
| 01-08-2019 | 31-01-2021 | Project Executive Officer | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur |
| Award | Institute | Year Awarded |
|---|---|---|
| Outstanding PhD Thesis Award for the best thesis in Electrical department | Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur | 2020 |
| Best Doctoral Dissertation Award (Honorable Mention) at IEEE SPCOM conference | IEEE | 2020 |
| Finalist for Qualcomm Innovation Fellowship | Qualcomm | 2020 |
| Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute scholarship | Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute | 2017 |
| Outstanding teaching assistant award by Electrical department | Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur | 2018 |
| Degree | Subject | University | Year Studied |
|---|---|---|---|
| PhD | Signal Processing & Communication | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur | 2020 |
| M.Tech | Signal Processing & Communication | Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur | 2011 |
| From | To | Designation | Organisation | Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021 | 2024 | Member, Department academic program committee (DAPC) | IITR | Department |
| 2022 | 2022 | Member, ANSYS fellowship committee | IITR | Institute |
| 2022 | 2022 | Member, Departmental high performance computing (HPC) committee | IITR | Department |
| 2022 | 2022 | Member, DST SATHI proposal | IITR | Department |
| 2022 | 2023 | Member, Anti ragging committee | IITR | Department |
| 2022 | 2023 | Faculty advisor, MTech CNSP group | IITR | Department |
| 2023 | 2023 | Incharge Integrated Communication and Sensing Lab | IITR | ECE Department |
| 2023 | Present | Nodal officer (5G Use Case lab to be established by DoT) | IITR | ECE Department |
| Scheme | Sponsoring Agency | Other Faculties | Year Sponsored |
|---|---|---|---|
| UAV communication for 5G and beyond: A smart anti-UAV design | IIT Roorkee | 2021-2023 | |
| Design and Development of New Prototype for RIS-aided Communication | IIITB COMET Foundation | 2022-2025 | |
| 5G Advanced ORAN Massive MIMO Base Station | IIITB COMET Foundation | 2022-2026 | |
| RIS Assisted Cell-free NOMA system for 5G and Beyond Communication | Science and Engineering Research Board, GOI | 2022-2024 | |
| 3GPP Complaint PUCCH design for 5G NR User | Spanidea Systems Private Limited | 2022-2023 | |
| THz Characterization System | SMILE, IIT Roorkee | N. Pathak, D. Singh, A. Patnaik, A. Kumar Sah, E. Sharma, M. Rawat, A. Bulusu, B. P. Das, S. Roy, B. Sarkar, S. Dasgupta, S. Kumar, K. Rawat, R. Panigrahi, U. Dey, Gowrish B., A. Dasgupta, D. Bhatt, R. Kumar, A. Samanta, R. Sharma | 2022-2023 |
| A novel power-on pilot IC for ultra-low power wireless IoT devices | Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India | Co-PI | 2023-2026 |
| RIS-aided D2D communication for 5G and beyond networks | Science and Engineering Re-search Board, Govt. of India | Co-PI | 2023-2026 |
| PG Certificate In 5G Technology and IOT | Coursera | 2023-2026 |
| Membership Details |
|---|
| Senior Member IEEE |
| Department academic program committee (DAPC), 2022-2024 |
| ANSYS fellowship for MTech students, 2022 |
| Departmental high performance computing (HPC), 2022 |
| SATHI proposal of DST, 2022 |
| Anti ragging committee, 2022-2023 |
| Faculty advisor for MTech CNSP group, 2022-2023 |
| Title | Course Code | Course | Semester |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wireless Communication Systems | ECN-519 | PhD, MTech, BTech | Autumn |
| Digital Communication Laboratory | ECN-510 | M.Tech | Spring |
| Advanced Wireless Communication Systems | ECN-620 | BTech, MTech, PhD | Spring |
| Wireless Technologies: 5G and Beyond | ECN-618 | BTech, MTech, PhD | Spring |
| Principles of Digital Communication | ECN-311 | BTech, MTech, PhD | Autumn |
| Communication Systems Lab | ECN-352 | BTech | Spring |
| Topic | Scholar Name | Status of PhD | Registration Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Distributed MIMO and Intelligent reflecting surface for 6G communication | Malay Chakraborty | Ongoing | 2021 |
| Waveform design for Beyond 5G/6G Communication | Dwikul Jyoti Das | Ongoing | 2021 |
| 5G/NR - CSI RS Codebook Design | Naveed Anjum | Ongoing | 2021 |
| IOT, Sensor Networks | Abhilash Ranjan | Ongoing | 2023 |
| AI/ML Approaches for 5G/6G Networks | Ajay Kumar | Ongoing | 2023 |
| Secure communication in 6G | Sowrabh Banik | Ongoing | 2022 |
| Course Name | Sponsored By | Date Participated |
|---|---|---|
| Joint Telematics Group/IEEE Information Theory Society Summer School on Signal Processing Communications and Networks, IISc Bangalore | IIT Kanpur | July 20-23, 2015 |
| IEEE BIS Seminar at IITK on 5G Communications, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur | IIT Kanpur | 2018 |
| Shannon Centenary Day, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur | IIT Kanpur | October 19th, 2016 |
| JTG/IEEE ITSoc Summer School in Information Theory, Signal Processing, Telecommunication, and Networking, IIT Kanpur | IIT Roorkee | June, 2021 |
| Faculty Entrepreneurship Program (FEP) | TIDES IIT Roorkee | July 2023 |
| Indian Mobile Congress 2023 | Department of Telecommunications (DoT) | October 2023 |
| Title | Place | Date Delivered |
|---|---|---|
| Analysis and Optimization of Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO Wireless Relaying Systems | Online (Intel India Private Limited) | April, 2020 |
| 5G and Beyond Wireless Systems | FDP at DSCE Bangalore (Online) | September, 2021 |
| MATLAB Implementation of OFDM based on 5G NR Standard | FDP at NITTTR Chandigarh (Online) | September, 2021 |
| Beyond 5G | FDP at NITTTR Chandigarh (Online) | September, 2021 |
| Tools and Techniques for Effective Research Writing | Expert talk in FDP at PESITM, Bangalore (Online) | Dec. 2020 |
| 5G and Beyond Wireless Systems: Energy Efficiency Perspective | Center for Network Intelligence (IISc) (Online) | July 2021 |
| Disruptive Technologies and challenges in Devices, Communications, Health care, Automation, Smart Grid using AI, ML and 5G/6G | FDP at DSCE Bangalore (Online) | March 2022 |
| 5G-NR Physical Layer: Modeling, Technologies and Standards | IIITB COMET Foundation, Bangalore (Online) | March 2022 |
| Technical Writing using LaTeX | VIT-AP (Online) | April 2022 |
| Radio Frequency Front End Design and Solutions for Advanced Wireless and Space Communication | ECE, IITR | July 2022 |
| Keynote speaker at E2A Conference | NIT Silchar | December 2022 |
| Green Full-Duplex Communication for Beyond 5G/6G | IIIT Bangalore | January 2023 |
| OTFS Aided Cell-free Massive MIMO for Beyond 5G | IEEE COMSNETS Conference at Bangalore | January 2023 |
| Recent Trends in Computer Vision, Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Robotics | NIT Delhi | March 2023 |
| Advancement in RF, Microwave, Antenna, and 5G applications | IEEE MTT/AP Society at Bangalore | April 2023 |
| Demystifying Cell-Free Communication for 6G and Beyond Systems | IIT Roorkee | May 2023 |
| 5G/6G Technology and Standards | Alliance College of Engineering and Design | February 2024 |
| Name | Place | Sponsored By | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| IEEE SPAWC conference | Cannes, France | IIT Kanpur | July 2-5, 2019 |
| IEEE SPCOM conference | Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore | IIT Kanpur | July 16-19, 2018 |
| IEEE PIMRC conference | Quebec, Canada | Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute | October 8-13, 2017 |
| IEEE TENCON conference | Singapore | IIT Kanpur | November 22-25, 2016 |
| IEEE Symposium on Communications and Vehicular Technology | Luxembourg | IIT Kanpur | Nov 2015 |
Journals:
[J22] Spatially Correlated Multi-Pair Massive MIMO Relaying with Rician Channel and Phase Shifts, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (Correspondance), to appear (early access). [pdf-link]
Priya Gupta, Dharmendra Prajapati, Ekant Sharma, Debashis Ghosh
[J21] Hardware Impaired RIS Assisted Multi-Pair FD Communication With Spatial Correlation, IEEE Communications Letters, to appear (early access). [pdf-link ]
Sreenivasulu Reddy Kudumala, Ashutosh Kumar Dubey, Priya Gupta, Saakshi Gupta, Ekant Sharma
[J20] UAV-Enabled Hardware-Impaired Spatially Correlated Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems: Analysis And Energy Efficiency Optimization, IEEE Communications Letters, to appear (early access). [pdf-link]
Venkatesh Tentu, Ekant Sharma, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Rohit Budhiraja
[J19] Full-Duplex Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems: Analysis and Decentralized Optimization, IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, to appear (early access). [pdf-link]
Soumyadeep Datta, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma, Rohit Budhiraja and Shivendra S. Panwar
[J18] Hardware-Impaired Rician-Faded Massive MIMO FD Relay: Analysis And Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Communications, to appear (early access). [pdf-link]
Sauradeep Dey, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J17] Energy-Efficient Spatially-Correlated Hardware Impaired Massive MIMO FD Relaying, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 2028-2046, March 2021. [pdf-link]
Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J16] Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO Multi-Relay NOMA Systems With CSI errors, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 68, no. 12, pp. 7410-7428, Dec. 2020. [pdf-link]
Vikalp Mandawaria, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[J15] WSEE Optimization Using Asynchronous ADMM For Massive MIMO Two-Way Relaying, IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 24, pp 2255 - 2259, Oct. 2020. [pdf-link]
Tentu Venkatesh, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J14] Hybrid Massive MIMO Two-Way Relaying With Users And Relay Hardware Impairments, IEEE Signal Processing Letters, vol. 27, pp 486 - 490, Feb. 2020.[pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Neha Gupta, Sauradeep Dey and Rohit Budhiraja
[J13] Energy Efficiency Optimization of Massive MIMO FD Relay With Quadratic Transform, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 19, pp 1429 - 1448, Feb. 2020. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J12] Decentralized WSEE Optimization for Massive MIMO Two-Way Half-Duplex AF Relaying, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 19, pp 1397 - 1414, Feb. 2020. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Swadha Chauhan, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J11] Spectral Efficiency Optimization of Spatially-Correlated Multi-Pair Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relaying, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 67, pp 8346 - 8364, Dec. 2019. [pdf-link]
Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J10] Transceiver Design for Massive MIMO Two-Way Half-Duplex AF Hybrid Relay With MIMO Users, IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, vol. 68, pp 8759 - 8774, Sept. 2019. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Arpita Chauhan, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J9] WSEE Maximization of mmWave NOMA Systems, IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 23, pp 1413 - 1417, Aug. 2019. [pdf-link]
Vikalp Mandawaria, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[J8] Scaling Analysis of Hardware-Impaired Two-Way Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relay, IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 23, pp 1249 - 1253, Aug. 2019. [pdf-link]
Sauradeep Dey, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[J7] Massive MIMO multi-pair two-way half-duplex AF FDD relaying: channel estimation, CSI Transactions on ICT, March 2019. [pdf-link]
Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Anupama Rajoriya, Ekant Sharma, Sauradeep Dey and Rohit Budhiraja
[J6] Weighted Sum Energy Efficiency Optimization for Massive MIMO Two-Way Half-Duplex AF Relaying, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 8, pp 25-28, Feb. 2019. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Swadha Siddhi Chauhan, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J5] Spectral- and Energy-Efficiency of Massive MIMO Two-Way Half-Duplex Hybrid Processing AF Relay, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 7, pp 876 - 879, Oct. 2018. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Ashish Shukla, and Rohit Budhiraja
[J4] CFO and Channel Estimation for Frequency-Selective MIMO-FBMC/OQAM Systems, IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, vol. 7, pp 844 - 847, Oct. 2018. [pdf-link]
Prem Singh, Ekant Sharma, K Vasudevan and Rohit Budhiraja
[J3] Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Multi-Pair Two-Way AF Relaying: Energy Efficiency Optimization, IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 66, pp 3322-3340, Aug. 2018. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Rohit Budhiraja, K Vasudevan and Lajos Hanzo
[J2] PAPR Analysis of Superimposed Training Based SISO/MIMO-OFDM Systems With Orthogonal Affine Precoder, Elsevier Physical Communications, Aug. 2017. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Himanshu B Mishra, K Vasudevan and Rohit Budhiraja
[J1] BER Efficient Interleaved OFDM System, Wireless Personal Communications, Springer, 98, no. 1 (2018): 1531-1546. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Sahil Rane, and K Vasudevan
Conferences:
[C26] OTFS Aided Full-Duplex Cell-Free Massive MIMO, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 21–24 April 2024,
Dwikul Jyoti Das, Sai Teja Kollimarla, Ekant Sharma, Prem Singh.
[C25] Impact of Rician Phase Shifts on Multi-Pair Two-Way Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relaying, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 21–24 April 2024,
Malay Chakraborty, Priya Gupta, Ekant Sharma, Debashis Ghosh.
[C24] Two-Fold Physical Layer Security for OTFS-aided RIS Communication, IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), 21–24 April 2024,
Shaik Suhail Farhaan, Samudrala Soujanya, Prem Singh, Ekant Sharma.
[C23] FPGA Implementation and Architecture Design of Polar Encoder for 5G-NR, 2023 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), 2023, pp. 535-540,
H. Rudramuniyappa, S. Soujanya, R. Jain, N. Anjum, P. Singh and E. Sharma.
[C22] FPGA Implementation of Rate Matching in 5G NR PDSCH, 2023 IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), 2023, pp. 1-6.
R. Jain, N. Anjum, S. Soujanya, H. Rudramuniyappa, A Jain, A. Bisht and E. Sharma and P. Singh
[C21] Downlink Spectral Efficiency of RIS-Assisted Cell-Free Massive MIMO-NOMA Systems With CSI Errors,” 2022 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM), 2022, pp. 1016-1021.
Malay Chakraborty, Sivapavan Kumar Vasa, Ekant Sharma, and Himal A Suraweera.
[C21] Analysis of Statistical CSI-based Optimized Phase-Shift IRS-aided FD mMIMO System, to appear in IEEE Global Communications (GLOBECOM) Conference: Selected Areas in Communications, 2021.
Nitish Vikas Deshpande, Sauradeep Dey, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C19] FD Cell-Free mMIMO: Analysis and Optimization, to appear in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Jun 2021.
Soumyadeep Datta, Ekant Sharma, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Rohit Budhiraja and Shivendra Panwar
[C18] UAV-Enabled Hardware-Impaired Cell-free Massive MIMO With Spatially-Correlated Rician Fading, to appear in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Jun 2021.
Venkatesh Tentu, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C17] Max-Min Fairness for Wireless-Powered Spatially Correlated Massive MIMO Multi-way Relaying, to appear in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Jun 2021.
Aditya Gupta, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C16] Dynamic Resolution ADC/DAC Massive MIMO FD Relaying System Over Correlated Rician Channel, Proceedings of IEEE EUSIPCO 2020, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2021.
Sauradeep Dey, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C15] Spectral Efficiency for Massive MIMO Multi-Relay NOMA Systems with CSI errors, Proceedings of IEEE EUSIPCO 2020, Amsterdam, Netherlands, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2021.
Vikap Mandawaria, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C14] Impact of User and Relay Hardware Impairments on Spectral Efficiency of HD Massive MIMO Relay, Proceedings of IEEE SPCOM 2020, Bengaluru, India, pp. 1-6, July. 2020.
Sauradeep Dey, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C13] Spatially-Correlated Hardware-Impaired Massive MIMO FD Relaying With MIMO Users, Proceedings of IEEE ICC, 2020, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2020.
Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C12] Energy Efficient Multi-Pair Massive MIMO Two-Way AF Relaying: A Deep Learning Approach, Proceedings of IEEE COMSNETS, 2020, Bengaluru, India, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2020.
Venkatesh Tentu, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, Anupama Rajoriya, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C11] Power Scaling for Massive MIMO UAV Communication System, Proceedings of IEEE COMSNETS, 2020, Bengaluru, India, pp. 1-6, Jan. 2020.
Soumyadeep Datta, Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C10] Multi-Pair Two-way Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relaying with Non-Ideal Hardware, Proceedings of IEEE Globecomm 2019, Hawai, USA, pp. 1-6, Dec. 2019.
Sauradeep Dey, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C9] Energy Efficiency Optimization of Massive MIMO FD Relay Using Quadratic Programming, Proceedings of IEEE SPAWC 2019, Cannes, France, pp. 1-6, Jul. 2019. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Dheeraj Naidu Amudala, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C8] Spectral Efficiency of Multi-pair Two-Way Massive MIMO Relay With Correlated Hardware Distortion, Proceedings of IEEE SPAWC 2019, Cannes, France, pp. 1-6, Jul. 2019. [pdf-link]
Neha Gupta, Ekant Sharma, Sauradeep Dey, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C7] QoS-Constrained Energy-Efficient AF Two-Way Full-Duplex Relaying with Massive Antennas, Proceedings of IEEE SPCOM 2018, IISc Bangalore, India, pp. 1-6, Jul. 2018. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma and Rohit Budhiraja
[C6] Hybrid Block Diagonalization for Massive MIMO Two-Way Half-Duplex AF Hybrid Relay, Proceedings of IEEE SPCOM 2018, IISc Bangalore, India, pp. 1-6, Jul. 2018. [pdf-link]
Arpita Chauhan, Ekant Sharma, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C5] Spectral- and Energy-Efficiency for Massive MIMO Two-Way Full-Duplex Hybrid Processing AF Relay, Proceedings of IEEE SPCOM 2018, IISc Bangalore, India, pp. 1-6, Jul. 2018. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Ashish Kant Shukla, and Rohit Budhiraja
[C4] Multi-Pair Two Way AF Full-Duplex Massive MIMO Relaying with ZFR/ZFT Processing, Proceedings of IEEE PIMRC 2017, Montreal, QC, Canada, October 8-13, 2017. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, Rohit Budhiraja and Kasturi Vasudevan
[C3] PAPR Analysis of Superimposed Training Based MIMO-OFDM Systems using an Orthogonal Affine Precoder, IEEE 13th International Conference INDICON, Bengaluru, India, Dec 2016. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, H. B. Mishra, and K Vasudevan
[C2] Training Sequence Optimization for Estimating the Channel in the Presence of Colored Interference for MIMO-OFDM Systems, IEEE Region 10 Conference (TENCON), Singapore, Nov 2016. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma, H. B. Mishra, and K Vasudevan
[C1] PAPR and BER Minimized OFDM Systems with Low Complexity Channel Independent Precoders, 22nd IEEE Symposium on Communications and Vehicular Technology in the Benelux (SCVT), Luxembourg, Nov 2015. [pdf-link]
Ekant Sharma and K Vasudevan